Current Issue : January - March Volume : 2016 Issue Number : 1 Articles : 4 Articles
Tumor acidosis is a consequence of altered metabolism, which can lead to chemoresistance and can be a target of alkalinizing\ntherapies. Noninvasive measurements of the extracellular pH (pHe) of the tumor microenvironment can improve diagnoses and\ntreatment decisions.A variety of noninvasive imaging methods have been developed for measuring tumor pHe. This review provides\na detailed description of the advantages and limitations of each method, providing many examples from previous research reports.\nA substantial emphasis is placed on methods that use MR spectroscopy and MR imaging, including recently developed methods\nthat use chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI that combines some advantages of MR spectroscopy and imaging. Together,\nthis review provides a comprehensive overview of methods for measuring tumor pHe, which may facilitate additional creative\napproaches in this research field....
We investigated the factors predicting radiation-induced organizing pneumonia (RIOP) relapse\nafter tangential breast irradiation. The participants included 23 patients diagnosed with RIOP at\nthe St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital between January 2008 and March 2015.\nRelapse was defined as the appearance of new lesions on diagnostic images during follow-up or\nafter commencing treatment. The relapse-free survival rate and the following 9 parameters were\ncompared between patients with and without RIOP relapse: 1) age (less than vs. equal to or more\nthan the median); 2) white blood cell count (less than vs. equal to or more than the median); 3)\nC-reactive protein (CRP) level at the time of RIOP diagnosis (less than normal, more than normal/\nless than borderline, and more than borderline); 4) boost irradiation (yes vs. no); 5) maximum\nlung depth on linacgraphy (less than vs. equal to or more than the median); 6) hormone therapy\n(yes vs. no); 7) chemotherapy (yes vs. no); 8) RIOP ratio in the whole lung (less than vs. equal to or\nmore than the median) at the time of RIOP diagnosis; and 9) use of corticosteroids (yes vs. no). The\nKaplan-Meier method was used for statistical analysis, with relapse as the cutoff. The follow-up\nperiod spanned the date of RIOP onset to May 30, 2015. The level of significance for 2-sided tests\nwas p 0.05. Relapse was evident in 14 patients (60.8%). The relapse-free survival rate was significantly\ngreater in the normal CRP group (less than 0.30 mg/dl) than in the abnormal CRP group\n(more than 0.36 mg/dl) (p = 0.044) and in the normal/borderline CRP group (less than 0.36 mg/dl)\nthan in the high CRP group (more than 0.70 mg/dl) (p < 0.01). The CRP level at RIOP onset may be\na useful predictor of relapse after breast-conserving therapy....
Bone is a dynamic organ of the endoskeleton, playing an important role in structural integrity, mineral reservoirs, blood production,\ncoagulation, and immunity. Metabolic bone disease encompasses a broad spectrum of inherited and acquired disorders that\ndisrupt the normal homeostasis of bone formation and resorption. For patients affected by these processes, radiologic imaging\nplays a central role in diagnosis, monitoring treatment, and risk stratification. Radiologists should be familiar with the diseases,\nintimately aware of the imaging findings, and possessive of multimodality expertise to wisely guide the best practice of medicine.\nThe purpose of this paper is to review the imaging features and characteristics of the most common types of metabolic bone\ndisease with highlights of clinically relevant information so that readers can better generate appropriate differential diagnoses and\nrecommendations. For this review, a thorough literature search for the most up-to-date information was performed on several key\ntypes of metabolic bone disease: osteoporosis, osteomalacia, rickets, scurvy, renal osteodystrophy, hyperparathyroidism, Paget�s\ndisease, osteogenesis imperfecta, acromegaly, and osteopetrosis. Although they all affect the bone, these diseases have both shared\ncharacteristic features that can be discerned through imaging....
The goal of this study was to assess risk for CIN after CT Scan during an emergency and to identify risk factors for the patient.\nProspective review of all patients admitted to the emergency room (ER) of the Teaching Hospital of Lom�´e (Togo) during a 2-year\nperiod.CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine by 0.5mg/dL from admission after undergoing CT Scan with intravenous\ncontrast. A total of 620 patients underwent a CT Scan in the emergency room using intravenous contrast and 672 patients took the\nCT Scan without intravenous contrast. Out of the patients who received intravenous contrast for CT Scan, three percent of them\ndeveloped CIN during their admission.Moreover, upon discharge no patient had continued renal impairment. No patient required\ndialysis during their admission. The multivariate analysis of all patients who had serial creatinine levels (including those who did\nnot receive any contrast load) shows no increased risk for acute kidney injury associated intravenous contrast (odds ratio = 0.619,\n...
Loading....